MEDICAL USE OF MARIJUANA
by Gloria Bronte Lane, former caregiver for cancer patient
January 2001
This is from my own experience and perspective, as a caregiver for a friend who
died of colon cancer in 1994. Jim was a psychologist and a very fine jazz piano
player. He taught psychology at UALR and during the time I knew him, he didn't
drink or use any kind of drugs. He was 56.
After he was diagnosed with colon cancer, he had surgery, and was told to have
chemotherapy and radiation. He really suffered with these. We found that over
the period of his illness, he could have his choice of all sorts of heavy-duty
prescription drugs - narcotics - that relieved his pain but caused other kinds
of problems (such as constipation and lack of appetite). As a caregiver I often
managed his drugs, and picked them up at the pharmacy. Many were deadly drugs,
indeed dangerous enough to kill him: Morphine, Fentanyl, Lorcet, Percocet, to
name a few.
Since his doctor required him to undergo chemotherapy, there were bad problems
with nausea, vomiting and lack of appetite. This really worried us, since he was
steadily losing weight. He was given medication to take orally, but it was
sometimes hard to take medications orally. He would throw up.
Often choices of drugs were on the basis of "you try it and see if it helps." We
were amazed that, with all these drugs, doctors would not let him try marijuana,
a simple smoke that would not kill him. The story we heard was that there was
only one farm that grew it for the federal government, and it was in
Mississippi, and they didn't grow very much.
As I said, he had colon cancer, so digestion - something we usually take for
granted - was a problem. So, consuming something via mouth would not necessarily
mean he could expect it to successfully pass through the digestive tract and
come out the other end. He would get really nauseous, but he would also get
really painful constipation. If you've never seen a cancer patient really sick,
throwing up, in agony, you're lucky. There were times when he would wretch up
whatever he consumed, even the drugs to soothe his vomiting.
Smoking marijuana, however, soothed his retching, and increased his appetite, so
that he could eat, digest and try to maintain weight. This was primarily during
the months that he was on chemotherapy and radiation. As time progressed, he
continued to consume less and less, and lost interest in eating, drinking, or
anything that required energy.
I have been surprised to hear comments against the medical use of marijuana,
from those who I feel should have more compassion. They perhaps have no first
hand knowledge, or have never had a loved one become really ill, or perhaps have
addiction problems of their own which make them afraid of drugs. Some of the
comments may be:
It will open a whole new can of worms. But marijuana is not
new, and it's small stuff compared with hard drugs, which are regularly
prescribed by doctors, sometimes on a "trial and error" basis. Many
prescribed drugs are also found on the illegal market. But that doesn't
mean they shouldn't be chosen when appropriate by licensed physicians to
ease the pain of those who are suffering.
It will make patients vulnerable to theft of the drugs.
Patients would be no more vulnerable than they already are.
My doctor friends are against it. Doctors are people too -
they can be expected to have a variety of attitudes, and to be closed to new
things that really make sense. Doctors will typically use the tools they
have been most trained to use, and up to this point it has not included
marijuana.
Patients will get addicted. Many patients are facing the
end of life anyway, and just want to be able to improve their quality of
life. Cancer patients regularly get addicted to their drugs, and often they
die addicted to morphine or other hard drugs. Let's give doctors all the
tools for making patients comfortable. Let's not worry about long term
consequences of an illness that will kill you in the short term.
Patients will get lung cancer. Well, for many cancer
patients, like fourth stage colon cancer, a cancer diagnosis means that the
end of life is near. In 1994, fourth stage colon cancer patients had about
an 8% chance of surviving 5 years. It's probably not much different now. My
friend lived less than two years after diagnosis.
Caregivers and other personnel will become users. When Jim
died I was left with a wide range of prescribed drugs, including Fentanyl,
Lorcet, antidepressants, and other drugs. I personally couldn't wait to get
rid of them. The right way to get rid of drugs is to have a doctor or
pharmacy dispose of the drugs, not to flush them down the toilet.
I really hope the medical marijuana initiative passes in
Arkansas, so that other patients can have the helpful option of marijuana
through their physicians, and won't be forced to buy it illegally. It just
makes sense. I also appreciate being asked to contribute this article, as it's
been helpful to me to look at the experience and write it down, and to think
perhaps I can contribute to making medical marijuana available.
Drug Definitions (taken from the Yahoo.com web site):
Lorcet - (Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen) Treats pain. May be taken with food to
lessen stomach upset. This medicine can be habit-forming. Possible Side Effects:
Fast or slow heartbeat, Trouble breathing, Swelling of the face, Hives, skin
rash, itching, Hallucinations, changes in behavior, Severe confusion or
tiredness, Yellowing of the skin or eyes, Dry mouth, nausea or vomiting,
Constipation, Headache, Drowsiness, dizziness, or weakness, blurred vision.
Percocet - ( Oxycodone/Acetaminophen) - Relieves pain. Oxycodone
is a narcotic analgesic. This medicine can be habit-forming. Possible side
effects: Rapid or slowed heartbeat, Trouble breathing, Swelling of the face,
Hives, skin rash, itching, Hallucinations, changes in behavior, confusion or
tiredness, Yellow color of the skin or eyes, Severe belly pain or tenderness,
Drowsiness, dizziness, or weakness, Dry mouth, nausea or vomiting,
Constipation, Headache or blurred vision.
Fentanyl - Patch worn on the skin to treat pain. Belongs to a
class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. Possible side effects: Trouble
breathing, Chest pain that lasts longer than 15 minutes, Irregular heartbeat,
Severe itching, rash, or swelling, Severe nausea, vomiting, or stomach pain,
Mild nausea or vomiting, Drowsiness or confusion, Constipation.
Morphine - narcotic used for pain. Possible Side Effects: Shortness of breath,
trouble breathing, Skin rash, itching, or hives, Slow heartbeat, Trouble going
to the bathroom (urinating), Swelling in the legs, Drowsiness, dizziness, or
confusion, Nausea and vomiting, Constipation, Sweating.